To resolve this problem information on the biology and The insect vectors of this bacterial caused disease are leafhoppers, specifically the glassy-winged sharpshooter, (GWSS). Pierces Disease of grapes is threatening the national grape industry. The project is intended to provide new biological control agents including insect pathogens plant resistance to insect pests through traditional and transgenic approaches novel approaches to disrupting insect-plant interactions and disruption of insect transmission of plant diseases new detection and sampling methods a better understanding of insect-plant interactions, genes/gene products that could lead to new control strategies, and information on the economic importance of subtropical insect pests. Technologies to reduce damage by pests to decrease dependence on chemical insecticides to lower production costs to increase yields and to reduce adverse effects of pest management strategies on the environment and human health. Research goals of the project include providing growers with pest management Current research under this project is directed towards leafhoppers such as Homalodisca coagulata, the glassy-winged sharpshooter. The major goal of this project is to increase sustainability of these industries by reducing economic losses to plant disease, such as Pierces Disease and other related Scorch diseases which are spread by leafhopper pests and by eliminating or reducing adverse environmental impacts associated with managing these pests.
The sustainability and profitability of these industries is continually challenged by subtropical arthropod pests, especially leafhopper vectors of the pathogenic bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa. What major problem or issue is being resolved and how are you resolving it (summarize project aims and objectives)? How serious is the problem? What does it matter? The viticulture industries are major economic businesses in the United States. Current and emerging agricultural problems associated with the leafhopper vector will be incorporated into the research program. Vector-pathogen relations will be biochemically and biologically characterized. Citrus, vegetable and ornamental germplasm will be screened for disease and insect resistance for germplasm improvement. Plant compounds will be identified and evaluated for their role in insect resistance. Substances that increase plant resistance or augment biocontrol will be evaluated for inclusion in biological and IPM programs. Aspects of vector biology, interactions with biocontrol agents, vector pathogens, and/or chemicals that may be used in strategies to control the vector, and/or inhibit transmission of Xylella, will be used. If not contained, Pierce's disease, will severely impact both domestic and international markets of U.S. International trade has already been restricted by importing countries Īustralia has banned imports of California grapes. Citrus and nursery stock growers would have to bear the costs for inspection and treatments to curb the spread of this disease and its vector.
Although CVC is not currently present in the United States, the introduction of CVC would be devastating. Citrus variegated chlorosis, CVC, is also caused by this bacterium. Xylella also causes "Scorch" diseases in many other tree crops, and ornamentals, severly limiting production of agricultural crops where Xylella and its vectors occur. Pierce's disease is an increasing concern in California because of the recent discovery of the glassy-winged sharpshooter vector, thus threatening the nation's grape and wine industries. Pierce's disease prevents widespread cultivation of wine and table grapes in the Southeastern U.S. Project Methods Pierce's disease, is one of several bacterial diseases caused by Xylella fastidiosa, and is vectored by the glassy-winged sharpshooter.
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